CVE-2025-12006Network attack vector

System firmware replacement via signature verification bypass

Published Jan 16, 2026 · Updated Jan 16, 2026

Improper signature verification in Supermicro X12STW-F BMC firmware 01.07.09 allows remote authenticated users to replace system firmware. The BMC firmware authentication logic accepts a specially crafted update image without properly verifying its cryptographic signature. Administrative BMC privileges are required, and a successful update grants control over system firmware with confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability0.31%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper signature verification in Supermicro X12STW-F BMC firmware 01.07.09 allows remote authenticated users to replace system firmware. The BMC firmware authentication logic accepts a specially crafted update image without properly verifying its cryptographic signature. Administrative BMC privileges are required, and a successful update grants control over system firmware with confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-12006
Published
Jan 16, 2026
Updated
Jan 16, 2026
Vendor
Super Micro Computer, Inc.
Product
X12STW-F
Classifications
CWE-347, CAPEC-473, T1601.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 16, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 16, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=01.07.09

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Super Micro Computer, Inc. · X12STW-Fversion=01.07.09

Published CVSS scores

7.2Super Micro Computer, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
CAPEC-473Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation
T1601.001Modify System Image: Patch System Image

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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