Root shell access via immutable UART password
Published Oct 12, 2025 · Updated Oct 20, 2025
Hard-coded root credentials in Tomofun Furbo 360 and Furbo Mini firmware allow physically proximate attackers to obtain a root shell via UART. The root password hash is stored in /etc/shadow on a read-only firmware partition, so every device retains the same owner-immutable credential. Physical teardown, UART attachment, and knowledge of the recovered password are required; affected firmware extends through FB0035_FW_036 and MC0020_FW_074, and successful login permits inspection or modification of device credentials and firmware.
Summary
What happened
Hard-coded root credentials in Tomofun Furbo 360 and Furbo Mini firmware allow physically proximate attackers to obtain a root shell via UART. The root password hash is stored in /etc/shadow on a read-only firmware partition, so every device retains the same owner-immutable credential. Physical teardown, UART attachment, and knowledge of the recovered password are required; affected firmware extends through FB0035_FW_036 and MC0020_FW_074, and successful login permits inspection or modification of device credentials and firmware.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-11649
- Published
- Oct 12, 2025
- Updated
- Oct 20, 2025
- Vendor
- Tomofun
- Product
- Furbo Mini
- Classifications
- CWE-255, CWE-259, T1078.001
- Attack vector
- physical
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Oct 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Oct 20, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=n/a
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- UART root-login demonstrationfunctional · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo