CVE-2025-11609Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authentication bypass via hard-coded session-cookie signing key

Published Oct 11, 2025 · Updated Oct 11, 2025

Hard-coded session key in code-projects Hospital Management System 1.0 allows remote attackers to forge authenticated session cookies. The express-session middleware passes the literal string 'secret' as its signing secret, making the cookie-integrity key predictable rather than deployment-specific. Knowledge of that literal key is enough to impersonate users and reach restricted patient and administrative functions without credentials.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.52%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hard-coded session key in code-projects Hospital Management System 1.0 allows remote attackers to forge authenticated session cookies. The express-session middleware passes the literal string 'secret' as its signing secret, making the cookie-integrity key predictable rather than deployment-specific. Knowledge of that literal key is enough to impersonate users and reach restricted patient and administrative functions without credentials.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-11609
Published
Oct 11, 2025
Updated
Oct 11, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-321, CWE-320, T1606.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 11, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

2.6VulDBAV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N
8.1NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
2.9VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.7VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-321Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key
CWE-320Key Management Errors
T1606.001Forge Web Credentials: Web Cookies

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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