CVE-2025-1147Public exploitNetwork attack vector

nm crash via misclassified IFUNC symbols

Published Feb 10, 2025 · Updated Apr 4, 2025

Uninitialized-data handling in GNU Binutils nm 2.43 allows attackers to crash nm by processing a crafted object file with specific options. print_symbol overwrites an IFUNC symbol's type with the --ifunc-chars value, so a hyphen makes later formatters treat it as a stabs symbol and print uninitialized stabs fields. Exploitation requires a user to run nm with --ifunc-chars=-- on an object containing an IFUNC symbol; the bounded consequence is a segmentation fault in that nm process.

CVSS severity2.3
Low
EPSS probability0.67%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Uninitialized-data handling in GNU Binutils nm 2.43 allows attackers to crash nm by processing a crafted object file with specific options. print_symbol overwrites an IFUNC symbol's type with the --ifunc-chars value, so a hyphen makes later formatters treat it as a stabs symbol and print uninitialized stabs fields. Exploitation requires a user to run nm with --ifunc-chars=-- on an object containing an IFUNC symbol; the bounded consequence is a segmentation fault in that nm process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-1147
Published
Feb 10, 2025
Updated
Apr 4, 2025
Vendor
The GnuPG Project
Product
GNU Binutils
Classifications
CWE-119, CWE-120, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 10, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.43

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The GnuPG Project · GNU Binutilsversion=2.43

Published CVSS scores

3.1VulDB CNACVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
2.3VulDB CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.1VulDB CNACVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
2.6VulDB CNAAV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
5.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CWE-120Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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