CVE-2025-11465

Code execution via unchecked CO object reuse

Published Oct 29, 2025 · Updated Oct 29, 2025

Use-after-free in the CO file parser in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt 1204.97 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted files. The parser performs operations on an object without first verifying that the object still exists, leaving freed object state available for reuse. Exploitation requires a user to open a malicious CO file or visit a malicious page, and successful code runs in the current process context.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the CO file parser in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt 1204.97 allows remote attackers to execute code via crafted files. The parser performs operations on an object without first verifying that the object still exists, leaving freed object state available for reuse. Exploitation requires a user to open a malicious CO file or visit a malicious page, and successful code runs in the current process context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-11465
Published
Oct 29, 2025
Updated
Oct 29, 2025
Vendor
Ashlar-Vellum
Product
Cobalt
Classifications
CWE-416, T1204.002, T1203
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 29, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 29, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1204.97

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Ashlar-Vellum · Cobaltversion=1204.97

Published CVSS scores

7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8Zero Day InitiativeCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1204.002Malicious File
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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