CVE-2025-11411Hinoki check available

Domain hijacking via trusted unsolicited NS records

Published Oct 22, 2025 · Updated Oct 22, 2025

Cache poisoning in NLnet Labs Unbound 1.24.1 and earlier allows attackers to hijack domains through forged DNS replies. Unbound accepts unsolicited NS RRSets and related addresses from positive, YXDOMAIN, and non-referral NODATA replies as trusted in-zone delegation data. Exploitation requires an adjacent-network position capable of attaching forged records to a reply and affects non-DNSSEC-protected data.

CVSS severity5.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.32%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkAvailable
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Summary

What happened

Cache poisoning in NLnet Labs Unbound 1.24.1 and earlier allows attackers to hijack domains through forged DNS replies. Unbound accepts unsolicited NS RRSets and related addresses from positive, YXDOMAIN, and non-referral NODATA replies as trusted in-zone delegation data. Exploitation requires an adjacent-network position capable of attaching forged records to a reply and affects non-DNSSEC-protected data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-11411
Published
Oct 22, 2025
Updated
Oct 22, 2025
Vendor
NLnet Labs
Product
Unbound
Classifications
CWE-349, T1565.002
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 22, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 22, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.24.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

NLnet Labs · Unboundversion=0 <=1.24.0

Published CVSS scores

5.7GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-349Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
T1565.002Transmitted Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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