CVE-2025-11226

Local code execution via Janino object construction

Published Oct 1, 2025 · Updated Oct 1, 2025

Code injection in QOS.CH logback-core before 1.3.16 and 1.4.0 through 1.5.18 allows local users to execute arbitrary code. IfModelHandler passes an if-element condition to Janino, which compiles a Java expression that can invoke the new operator on attacker-selected classes. Exploitation requires Spring Framework and Janino on the class path plus existing privilege to replace a Logback configuration file or select a malicious file before startup.

CVSS severity5.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in QOS.CH logback-core before 1.3.16 and 1.4.0 through 1.5.18 allows local users to execute arbitrary code. IfModelHandler passes an if-element condition to Janino, which compiles a Java expression that can invoke the new operator on attacker-selected classes. Exploitation requires Spring Framework and Janino on the class path plus existing privilege to replace a Logback configuration file or select a malicious file before startup.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-11226
Published
Oct 1, 2025
Updated
Oct 1, 2025
Vendor
QOS.ch Sarl
Product
logback-core
Classifications
CWE-20, CAPEC-242, T1059
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 1, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0.9.20 <=1.5.18

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

QOS.ch Sarl · logback-coreversion=0.9.20 <=1.5.18

Published CVSS scores

5.9GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
CAPEC-242Code Injection
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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