CVE-2025-11198Network attack vector

Malicious image deployment via unauthenticated upload API

Published Oct 9, 2025 · Updated Oct 9, 2025

Missing authentication in Juniper Networks Policy Enforcer before 23.1R1 Hotpatch v3 allows remote attackers to upload malicious vSRX images. The unrestricted API accepts replacement vSRX images without authenticating the request, allowing attacker-controlled content to displace a legitimate image. Exploitation completes only when a trusted user initiates deployment, causing the malicious image to be delivered to VMware NSX.

CVSS severity8.5
High
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Missing authentication in Juniper Networks Policy Enforcer before 23.1R1 Hotpatch v3 allows remote attackers to upload malicious vSRX images. The unrestricted API accepts replacement vSRX images without authenticating the request, allowing attacker-controlled content to displace a legitimate image. Exploitation completes only when a trusted user initiates deployment, causing the malicious image to be delivered to VMware NSX.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-11198
Published
Oct 9, 2025
Updated
Oct 9, 2025
Vendor
Juniper Networks
Product
Junos Space Security Director Policy Enforcer
Classifications
CWE-306, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <23.1R1 Hotpatch v3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Juniper Networks · Junos Space Security Director Policy Enforcerversion=0 <23.1R1 Hotpatch v3

Published CVSS scores

7.4Juniper NetworksCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
8.5Juniper NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-306Missing Authentication for Critical Function
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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