CVE-2025-11165Network attack vector

Authenticated command execution via Velocity sandbox escape

Published Feb 24, 2026 · Updated Feb 24, 2026

Sandbox escape in dotCMS 24.12 and 25.07 allows remote authenticated users with scripting privileges to execute system commands. VTools lets scripts alter the Velocity runtime configuration and reinitialize its Uberspect, clearing SecureUberspectorImpl class and package restrictions. Scripting privileges are required; after the restrictions are removed, Java classes such as java.lang.Runtime run commands with the application process's privileges.

CVSS severity9.4
Critical
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Sandbox escape in dotCMS 24.12 and 25.07 allows remote authenticated users with scripting privileges to execute system commands. VTools lets scripts alter the Velocity runtime configuration and reinitialize its Uberspect, clearing SecureUberspectorImpl class and package restrictions. Scripting privileges are required; after the restrictions are removed, Java classes such as java.lang.Runtime run commands with the application process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-11165
Published
Feb 24, 2026
Updated
Feb 24, 2026
Vendor
dotCMS
Product
dotCMS
Classifications
CWE-89, CAPEC-180, CAPEC-122, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 24, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 24, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=24.12
  2. Affected versionversion=25.07

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

dotCMS · dotCMSversion=24.12; version=25.07

Published CVSS scores

9.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.4dotCMS LLCCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
CAPEC-180Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels
CAPEC-122Privilege Abuse
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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