CVE-2025-11148Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary command execution via unescaped branch names

Published Sep 30, 2025 · Updated Sep 30, 2025

Command injection in check-branches 0.0.19 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through crafted Git branch names. The CLI trusts branch names as plain text and concatenates them into spawned Git commands without neutralizing shell metacharacters. Execution occurs when a developer or CI job runs the tool in a repository containing an attacker-controlled branch, with commands inheriting that process's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Command injection in check-branches 0.0.19 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through crafted Git branch names. The CLI trusts branch names as plain text and concatenates them into spawned Git commands without neutralizing shell metacharacters. Execution occurs when a developer or CI job runs the tool in a repository containing an attacker-controlled branch, with commands inheriting that process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-11148
Published
Sep 30, 2025
Updated
Sep 30, 2025
Vendor
Pablo Schaffner
Product
check-branches
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <*

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Pablo Schaffner · check-branchesversion=0 <*

Published CVSS scores

9.8SnykCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo