CVE-2025-1097Network attack vector

Controller code execution via annotation injection

Published Mar 24, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Configuration injection in Kubernetes ingress-nginx 1.12.0 and 1.11.4 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute controller code. The auth-tls-match-cn parser accepts newline-bearing certificate-name expressions and places them into generated NGINX configuration without rejecting directive-breaking input. Permission to create or modify Ingress objects is required, after which injected configuration can expose controller-readable Secrets, including all cluster Secrets in a default installation.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability35.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Configuration injection in Kubernetes ingress-nginx 1.12.0 and 1.11.4 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute controller code. The auth-tls-match-cn parser accepts newline-bearing certificate-name expressions and places them into generated NGINX configuration without rejecting directive-breaking input. Permission to create or modify Ingress objects is required, after which injected configuration can expose controller-readable Secrets, including all cluster Secrets in a default installation.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-1097
Published
Mar 24, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
Kubernetes
Product
ingress-nginx
Classifications
CWE-15, CWE-20, T1068
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.11.4
  2. Affected versionversion=1.12.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Kubernetes · ingress-nginxversion=0 <=1.11.4; version=1.12.0

Published CVSS scores

8.8GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-15External Control of System or Configuration Setting
CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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