CVE-2025-10961Public exploit

Authenticated command execution via unescaped delete_list parameter

Published Sep 25, 2025 · Updated Sep 25, 2025

Command injection in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 firmware M16U1_V240425 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands. The Delete_Mac_list handler in /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi passes the POST-supplied delete_list value through sprintf into a buffer that reaches system() without command neutralization. The request requires a valid session and adjacent-network access; injected commands run with the wireless.cgi process privileges.

CVSS severity5.1
Medium
EPSS probability8.13%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 firmware M16U1_V240425 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands. The Delete_Mac_list handler in /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi passes the POST-supplied delete_list value through sprintf into a buffer that reaches system() without command neutralization. The request requires a valid session and adjacent-network access; injected commands run with the wireless.cgi process privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-10961
Published
Sep 25, 2025
Updated
Sep 25, 2025
Vendor
Wavlink
Product
WL-NU516U1
Classifications
CWE-74, CWE-77, T1059.004
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 25, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 25, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=M16U1_V240425

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Wavlink · WL-NU516U1version=M16U1_V240425

Published CVSS scores

5.2VulDBAV:A/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
5.1VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.5VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
8.0NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059.004Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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