CVE-2025-1087Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary code execution via Nunjucks template evaluation

Published May 9, 2025 · Updated Sep 17, 2025

Template injection in Kong Insomnia before 11.0.2 allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code through crafted template strings. The Nunjucks renderer evaluates attacker-controlled expressions from imported files or response cookies, letting constructor access reach JavaScript execution primitives. Execution requires a user to import malicious content or send a request to an attacker-controlled endpoint, and code runs with the desktop user's privileges.

CVSS severity9.3
Critical
EPSS probability1.09%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Template injection in Kong Insomnia before 11.0.2 allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code through crafted template strings. The Nunjucks renderer evaluates attacker-controlled expressions from imported files or response cookies, letting constructor access reach JavaScript execution primitives. Execution requires a user to import malicious content or send a request to an attacker-controlled endpoint, and code runs with the desktop user's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-1087
Published
May 9, 2025
Updated
Sep 17, 2025
Vendor
Kong Inc.
Product
Insomnia
Classifications
CWE-20, CWE-94, T1204.002, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=n/a <=11.0.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Kong Inc. · Insomniaversion=n/a <=11.0.2

Published CVSS scores

9.3Kong Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1204.002Malicious File
T1059.007JavaScript/JScript

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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