CVE-2025-10528Network attack vector

Sandbox escape via unchecked Canvas2D buffer queue

Published Sep 16, 2025 · Updated Sep 16, 2025

Sandbox escape in Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird before 143, including ESR before 140.3, allows attackers to break content isolation. CanvasTranslator::NextBuffer processes a RecordedDropBuffer event by reading and popping mCanvasShmems without checking whether the queue is empty, causing out-of-bounds heap reads and writes. Exploitation requires control of a sandboxed content process; Thunderbird disables scripting in mail, so browser-like contexts carry its exposure.

CVSS severity7.3
High
EPSS probability0.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Sandbox escape in Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird before 143, including ESR before 140.3, allows attackers to break content isolation. CanvasTranslator::NextBuffer processes a RecordedDropBuffer event by reading and popping mCanvasShmems without checking whether the queue is empty, causing out-of-bounds heap reads and writes. Exploitation requires control of a sandboxed content process; Thunderbird disables scripting in mail, so browser-like contexts carry its exposure.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-10528
Published
Sep 16, 2025
Updated
Sep 16, 2025
Vendor
Mozilla
Product
Firefox
Classifications
CWE-693, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 16, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <143

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Mozilla · Firefoxversion=unspecified <143
Mozilla · Thunderbirdversion=unspecified <140.3; version=unspecified <143
Mozilla · Firefox ESRversion=unspecified <140.3

Published CVSS scores

7.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-693Protection Mechanism Failure
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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