CVE-2025-10456

Adjacent device crash via invalid fixed-channel disconnect

Published Sep 19, 2025 · Updated Sep 19, 2025

Integer overflow in Zephyr RTOS 4.1.0 and earlier allows physically proximate attackers to crash BLE devices via crafted L2CAP credits. The le_credits function in subsys/bluetooth/host/l2cap.c accepts overflowing credit additions without restricting the channel identifier to dynamic channels, then issues an invalid fixed-channel disconnection. A BLE connection within radio range is sufficient; malformed flow-control credit indications can trigger an assertion failure, a crash, or memory corruption.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Integer overflow in Zephyr RTOS 4.1.0 and earlier allows physically proximate attackers to crash BLE devices via crafted L2CAP credits. The le_credits function in subsys/bluetooth/host/l2cap.c accepts overflowing credit additions without restricting the channel identifier to dynamic channels, then issues an invalid fixed-channel disconnection. A BLE connection within radio range is sufficient; malformed flow-control credit indications can trigger an assertion failure, a crash, or memory corruption.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-10456
Published
Sep 19, 2025
Updated
Sep 19, 2025
Vendor
Zephyr Project
Product
Zephyr RTOS
Classifications
CWE-190, T1499
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 19, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=* <=4.1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Zephyr Project · Zephyr RTOSversion=* <=4.1.0

Published CVSS scores

7.1GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-190Integer Overflow or Wraparound
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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