SMM code execution via unchecked communication pointer
Published Dec 12, 2025 · Updated Dec 12, 2025
Out-of-bounds writes in H19Int15CallbackSmm in Insyde Software InsydeH2O before HP feature version 20C1 allow local users to execute code in SMM. Its software-SMI handler reads an attacker-controlled RSI pointer from CPU save state, dispatches command handlers, and writes results through that pointer without checking whether it overlaps SMRAM. High operating-system privileges are required; successful exploitation elevates execution from ring 0 to SMM and permits firmware-resident persistence.
Summary
What happened
Out-of-bounds writes in H19Int15CallbackSmm in Insyde Software InsydeH2O before HP feature version 20C1 allow local users to execute code in SMM. Its software-SMI handler reads an attacker-controlled RSI pointer from CPU save state, dispatches command handlers, and writes results through that pointer without checking whether it overlaps SMRAM. High operating-system privileges are required; successful exploitation elevates execution from ring 0 to SMM and permits firmware-resident persistence.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-10451
- Published
- Dec 12, 2025
- Updated
- Dec 12, 2025
- Vendor
- Insyde Software
- Product
- InsydeH2O UEFI BIOS
- Classifications
- CWE-787, T1068
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Dec 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Dec 12, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
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- Affected versionversion=HP feature version before 20C1
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
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Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
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Public exploit references
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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