CVE-2025-10325Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated command execution via unsanitized ipaddr

Published Sep 12, 2025 · Updated Sep 12, 2025

Command injection in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 firmware 221110 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary system commands via ipaddr. In login.cgi, sub_401340 passes the unfiltered ipaddr value through sprintf into a system command and invokes system after credential verification. A valid encrypted password is required before an injected command can read sensitive files, modify device settings, or compromise the appliance.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability6.79%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 firmware 221110 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary system commands via ipaddr. In login.cgi, sub_401340 passes the unfiltered ipaddr value through sprintf into a system command and invokes system after credential verification. A valid encrypted password is required before an injected command can read sensitive files, modify device settings, or compromise the appliance.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-10325
Published
Sep 12, 2025
Updated
Sep 12, 2025
Vendor
Wavlink
Product
WL-WN578W2 Firmware
Classifications
CWE-74, CWE-77, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 12, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=221110

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Wavlink · WL-WN578W2 Firmwareversion=221110

Published CVSS scores

6.3VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
6.5VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
8.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
2.1VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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