CVE-2024-8384Network attack vector

Memory corruption via garbage-collector mis-coloring

Published Sep 3, 2024 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Memory corruption in Mozilla Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird allows remote attackers to corrupt process memory via JavaScript execution. The JavaScript garbage collector can assign the wrong mark color to cross-compartment objects when out-of-memory detection occurs between two collection passes. Exploitation requires that precise OOM timing; Thunderbird mail reading disables scripting, limiting exposure there to browser-like contexts.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.72%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Memory corruption in Mozilla Firefox, Firefox ESR, and Thunderbird allows remote attackers to corrupt process memory via JavaScript execution. The JavaScript garbage collector can assign the wrong mark color to cross-compartment objects when out-of-memory detection occurs between two collection passes. Exploitation requires that precise OOM timing; Thunderbird mail reading disables scripting, limiting exposure there to browser-like contexts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-8384
Published
Sep 3, 2024
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Mozilla
Product
Firefox
Classifications
CWE-416, CWE-787
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 3, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <130
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <130

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Mozilla · Firefoxversion=0 <130; version=unspecified <130
Mozilla · Thunderbirdversion=unspecified <115.15; version=unspecified <128.2
Mozilla · Firefox ESRversion=0 <115.15; version=0 <128.2; version=unspecified <115.15; version=unspecified <128.2

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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