CVE-2024-7589Network attack vector

Unauthenticated root code execution via timeout handler

Published Aug 11, 2024 · Updated Aug 16, 2024

A signal-handler race in FreeBSD allows remote attackers to execute code as root through an unauthenticated SSH connection. The pre-authentication timeout path in sshd.c calls BLACKLIST_NOTIFY from the SIGALRM handler even though the operation is not async-signal-safe. Affected releases are 13.3-RELEASE before p5, 14.0-RELEASE before p9, and 14.1-RELEASE before p3; the race occurs when LoginGraceTime expires, 120 seconds by default.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability2.04%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

A signal-handler race in FreeBSD allows remote attackers to execute code as root through an unauthenticated SSH connection. The pre-authentication timeout path in sshd.c calls BLACKLIST_NOTIFY from the SIGALRM handler even though the operation is not async-signal-safe. Affected releases are 13.3-RELEASE before p5, 14.0-RELEASE before p9, and 14.1-RELEASE before p3; the race occurs when LoginGraceTime expires, 120 seconds by default.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-7589
Published
Aug 11, 2024
Updated
Aug 16, 2024
Vendor
The FreeBSD Project
Product
FreeBSD
Classifications
CWE-362, CWE-364, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 11, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 16, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=13.3 <13.3_release_p5
  2. Affected versionversion=13.3-RELEASE <p5
  3. Affected versionversion=14.0 <14.0_release_p9
  4. Affected versionversion=14.0-RELEASE <p9
  5. Affected versionversion=14.1 <14.1_release_p3
  6. Affected versionversion=14.1-RELEASE <p3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The FreeBSD Project · FreeBSDversion=13.3 <13.3_release_p5; version=13.3-RELEASE <p5; version=14.0 <14.0_release_p9; version=14.0-RELEASE <p9; version=14.1 <14.1_release_p3; version=14.1-RELEASE <p3

Published CVSS scores

8.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-362Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
CWE-364Signal Handler Race Condition
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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