CVE-2024-5931

Device crash via unchecked Bluetooth subgroup count

Published Sep 13, 2024 · Updated Sep 17, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in Zephyr RTOS 3.6 and earlier allows physically proximate attackers to crash devices via Bluetooth. parse_recv_state trusts the received num_subgroups byte as a loop bound and indexes beyond its fixed-size subgroups array on the read_recv_state_cb stack. Exploitation requires Bluetooth adjacency and a crafted Broadcast Audio Scan Service receive state; the published impact is device instability or a crash.

CVSS severity6.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.45%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in Zephyr RTOS 3.6 and earlier allows physically proximate attackers to crash devices via Bluetooth. parse_recv_state trusts the received num_subgroups byte as a loop bound and indexes beyond its fixed-size subgroups array on the read_recv_state_cb stack. Exploitation requires Bluetooth adjacency and a crafted Broadcast Audio Scan Service receive state; the published impact is device instability or a crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-5931
Published
Sep 13, 2024
Updated
Sep 17, 2025
Vendor
Zephyr Project
Product
Zephyr RTOS
Classifications
CWE-1284, CWE-121, T1499.004
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 13, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=3.6
  2. Affected versionversion=* <=3.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Zephyr Project · Zephyr RTOSversion=0 <=3.6; version=* <=3.6

Published CVSS scores

6.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
6.3Zephyr ProjectCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1284Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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