Unexpected method invocation via loose HMAC comparison
Published Dec 27, 2024 · Updated Nov 3, 2025
Type juggling in TCPDF before 6.8.0 allows remote attackers to invoke allowlisted PDF methods via a crafted TCPDF HTML tag. unserializeTCPDFtag parses a supplied hash and compares it with the expected SHA-256 HMAC using PHP's loose != operator, allowing an incorrect match. The path requires K_TCPDF_CALLS_IN_HTML and untrusted HTML during PDF generation; a bypass invokes an allowlisted TCPDF method with attacker-chosen arguments.
Summary
What happened
Type juggling in TCPDF before 6.8.0 allows remote attackers to invoke allowlisted PDF methods via a crafted TCPDF HTML tag. unserializeTCPDFtag parses a supplied hash and compares it with the expected SHA-256 HMAC using PHP's loose != operator, allowing an incorrect match. The path requires K_TCPDF_CALLS_IN_HTML and untrusted HTML during PDF generation; a bypass invokes an allowlisted TCPDF method with attacker-chosen arguments.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2024-56522
- Published
- Dec 27, 2024
- Updated
- Nov 3, 2025
- Vendor
- Tecnick.com LTD
- Product
- TCPDF
- Classifications
- CWE-843, CWE-697, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Dec 27, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=0 <6.8.0
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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