CVE-2024-5452Network attack vector

Unauthenticated RCE via crafted state deltas

Published Jun 6, 2024 · Updated Oct 15, 2025

Object attribute injection in Lightning AI PyTorch Lightning before 2.3.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted deltas. The default delta endpoint deserializes an allowlisted deepdiff.Delta whose attribute paths can still contain dunder names, enabling writes into reachable modules, classes, and objects. Any network-reachable, self-hosted application that exposes the default endpoint can be compromised without authentication or user interaction.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability26.83%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Object attribute injection in Lightning AI PyTorch Lightning before 2.3.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted deltas. The default delta endpoint deserializes an allowlisted deepdiff.Delta whose attribute paths can still contain dunder names, enabling writes into reachable modules, classes, and objects. Any network-reachable, self-hosted application that exposes the default endpoint can be compromised without authentication or user interaction.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-5452
Published
Jun 6, 2024
Updated
Oct 15, 2025
Vendor
Lightning AI
Product
PyTorch Lightning
Classifications
CWE-913, CWE-915, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 6, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 15, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=2.2.1
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <2.3.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Lightning AI · PyTorch Lightningversion=0 <=2.2.1; version=unspecified <2.3.3

Published CVSS scores

9.8Protect AICVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-913Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
CWE-915Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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