Local kernel compromise via L2TP refcount underflow
Published Oct 21, 2024 · Updated Aug 5, 2026
Use-after-free in Linux kernel L2TP allows local users to read or alter kernel memory or crash the system through colliding session IDs. l2tp_session_create assigns session->tunnel before l2tp_session_register increments the tunnel reference, so failed or racing registration lets l2tp_session_free decrement an unacquired reference and prematurely free the tunnel. An unprivileged local user can reach the socket path, and concurrent session creation and teardown can trigger the dangling tunnel access without user interaction.
Summary
What happened
Use-after-free in Linux kernel L2TP allows local users to read or alter kernel memory or crash the system through colliding session IDs. l2tp_session_create assigns session->tunnel before l2tp_session_register increments the tunnel reference, so failed or racing registration lets l2tp_session_free decrement an unacquired reference and prematurely free the tunnel. An unprivileged local user can reach the socket path, and concurrent session creation and teardown can trigger the dangling tunnel access without user interaction.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2024-49940
- Published
- Oct 21, 2024
- Updated
- Aug 5, 2026
- Vendor
- The Linux Kernel Organization
- Product
- Linux
- Classifications
- T1068
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Oct 21, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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- Affected versionversion=10c15ddabbcf888922adbdd44ca3fecf6eab19d9
- Affected versionversion=12b5fb58ac993c24210cf8cbc72d407d3a4e6490
- Affected versionversion=3.16.54 <3.17
- Affected versionversion=3.2.99 <3.3
- Affected versionversion=3953ae7b218df4d1e544b98a393666f9ae58a78c <24256415d18695b46da06c93135f5b51c548b950
- Affected versionversion=3953ae7b218df4d1e544b98a393666f9ae58a78c <f7415e60c25a6108cd7955a20b2e66b6251ffe02
- Affected versionversion=4.14.182 <4.15
- Affected versionversion=4.15
- Affected versionversion=4.4.225 <4.5
- Affected versionversion=4.9.225 <4.10
- Affected versionversion=8d1c650d452c53fcb3f02a7b1d772741639f89a4
- Affected versionversion=aef37401b467a0b1a9517c69924a1d66937e0789
- Affected versionversion=b102bfc2a90d14f342580285782a9a51c74f7369
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What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
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Attacks
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Technologies
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