CVE-2024-45798Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Repository takeover via poisoned workflow artifacts

Published Sep 17, 2024 · Updated Sep 18, 2024

Code and environment-variable injection in Espressif Systems Arduino-ESP32 CI allows remote authenticated users to take over its repository. The tests_results.yml workflow trusts files from a pull-request-triggered artifact, writes unsanitized multiline values to GITHUB_ENV, and interpolates original_ref directly into privileged JavaScript. A GitHub user able to open a pull request can execute code with write-capable GITHUB_TOKEN permissions, altering repository contents and build artifacts.

CVSS severity9.9
Critical
EPSS probability0.89%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code and environment-variable injection in Espressif Systems Arduino-ESP32 CI allows remote authenticated users to take over its repository. The tests_results.yml workflow trusts files from a pull-request-triggered artifact, writes unsanitized multiline values to GITHUB_ENV, and interpolates original_ref directly into privileged JavaScript. A GitHub user able to open a pull request can execute code with write-capable GITHUB_TOKEN permissions, altering repository contents and build artifacts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-45798
Published
Sep 17, 2024
Updated
Sep 18, 2024
Vendor
Espressif Systems
Product
Arduino-ESP32
Classifications
CWE-20, CWE-78, CWE-94, T1059.007, T1059.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 17, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 18, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=Commits prior to a7cec020df8f1a815bd8dfd2559f51a2216bcf1c

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Espressif Systems · Arduino-ESP32version=Commits prior to a7cec020df8f1a815bd8dfd2559f51a2216bcf1c

Published CVSS scores

9.9GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code
T1059.007JavaScript
T1059.004Unix Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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