CVE-2024-45775

Boot-loader crash via unchecked argument allocation

Published Feb 18, 2025 · Updated Jul 20, 2026

Unchecked allocation handling in GNU GRUB 2.12 and earlier allows local users to crash the boot loader or corrupt IVT data. grub_extcmd_dispatcher() fails to test whether grub_arg_list_alloc() returned NULL, so parse_option() dereferences the failed allocation. The path requires local high-privilege access and memory-allocation failure; successful triggering interrupts boot-loader execution, while rare cases corrupt interrupt-vector-table data.

CVSS severity5.2
Medium
EPSS probability0.29%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unchecked allocation handling in GNU GRUB 2.12 and earlier allows local users to crash the boot loader or corrupt IVT data. grub_extcmd_dispatcher() fails to test whether grub_arg_list_alloc() returned NULL, so parse_option() dereferences the failed allocation. The path requires local high-privilege access and memory-allocation failure; successful triggering interrupts boot-loader execution, while rare cases corrupt interrupt-vector-table data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-45775
Published
Feb 18, 2025
Updated
Jul 20, 2026
Vendor
The GnuPG Project
Product
GNU GRUB
Classifications
CWE-252, T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 20, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=2.12

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

The GnuPG Project · GNU GRUBversion=0 <=2.12
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
389 Directory Server · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Affected versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.2Red Hat, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-252Unchecked Return Value
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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