Heap overwrite via duplicate JPEG dimension headers
Published Feb 18, 2025 · Updated Jun 29, 2026
Out-of-bounds write in GNU GRUB 2.12 and earlier allows local users with high privileges to corrupt memory via a crafted JPEG file. The grub_jpeg_decode_sof function accepts a second SOF0 marker and replaces established dimensions, so later decoding writes beyond the allocated heap buffer. Exploitation requires control of an image parsed during boot; Red Hat has not confirmed whether the resulting corruption bypasses Secure Boot.
Summary
What happened
Out-of-bounds write in GNU GRUB 2.12 and earlier allows local users with high privileges to corrupt memory via a crafted JPEG file. The grub_jpeg_decode_sof function accepts a second SOF0 marker and replaces established dimensions, so later decoding writes beyond the allocated heap buffer. Exploitation requires control of an image parsed during boot; Red Hat has not confirmed whether the resulting corruption bypasses Secure Boot.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2024-45774
- Published
- Feb 18, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 29, 2026
- Vendor
- The GnuPG Project
- Product
- GNU GRUB
- Classifications
- CWE-787, T1542.003
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Feb 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jun 29, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
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- Affected versionversion=0 <=2.12
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
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Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
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Public exploit references
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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