CVE-2024-45409Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authentication bypass via descendant XPath signature selection

Published Sep 10, 2024 · Updated Nov 11, 2024

Improper signature verification in ruby-saml before 1.12.3 and 1.13.0 through 1.16.0 lets remote attackers forge SAML assertions. validate_signature uses descendant XPath selectors, so attacker-controlled DigestValue and Reference nodes outside SignedInfo can be chosen during verification. Possession of any IdP-signed SAML document is required; affected OmniAuth SAML 2.1.0 and earlier middleware then accepts arbitrary assertion content and can log the attacker in as any user.

CVSS severity10.0
Critical
EPSS probability10.68%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper signature verification in ruby-saml before 1.12.3 and 1.13.0 through 1.16.0 lets remote attackers forge SAML assertions. validate_signature uses descendant XPath selectors, so attacker-controlled DigestValue and Reference nodes outside SignedInfo can be chosen during verification. Possession of any IdP-signed SAML document is required; affected OmniAuth SAML 2.1.0 and earlier middleware then accepts arbitrary assertion content and can log the attacker in as any user.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-45409
Published
Sep 10, 2024
Updated
Nov 11, 2024
Vendor
OneLogin
Product
ruby-saml
Classifications
CWE-347, T1606.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 10, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 11, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <1.12.3
  2. Affected versionversion=< 1.12.3
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 1.13.0, < 1.17.0
  4. Affected versionversion=1.13.0 <1.17.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

OneLogin · ruby-samlversion=0 <1.12.3; version=< 1.12.3; version=>= 1.13.0, < 1.17.0; version=1.13.0 <1.17.0
OmniAuth · OmniAuth SAMLversion=0 <=2.1.0

Published CVSS scores

10.0GitHub CNACVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
9.9GitHubCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
T1606.002Forge Web Credentials: SAML Tokens

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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