CVE-2024-45244Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Ledger manipulation via unchecked transaction timestamps

Published Aug 25, 2024 · Updated Oct 6, 2025

Timestamp validation failure in Hyperledger Fabric 3.0.0 and 2.5.9 and earlier allows remote attackers to manipulate ledger state. Fabric accepts client-supplied transaction timestamps without checking that they fall within an expected time window, so chaincode using GetTxTimestamp() or GetHistoryForKey() trusts attacker-controlled time. A client able to submit a transaction can move time forward or backward and alter time-dependent business logic, as demonstrated by crediting unearned interest; unrelated ledger data is not shown to be modifiable.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.59%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Timestamp validation failure in Hyperledger Fabric 3.0.0 and 2.5.9 and earlier allows remote attackers to manipulate ledger state. Fabric accepts client-supplied transaction timestamps without checking that they fall within an expected time window, so chaincode using GetTxTimestamp() or GetHistoryForKey() trusts attacker-controlled time. A client able to submit a transaction can move time forward or backward and alter time-dependent business logic, as demonstrated by crediting unearned interest; unrelated ledger data is not shown to be modifiable.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-45244
Published
Aug 25, 2024
Updated
Oct 6, 2025
Vendor
Hyperledger Foundation
Product
Hyperledger Fabric
Classifications
CWE-294, T1565.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 25, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 6, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=2.5.9

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Hyperledger Foundation · Hyperledger Fabricversion=0 <=2.5.9

Published CVSS scores

5.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
5.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-294Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
T1565.001Stored Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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