CVE-2024-43426Network attack vector

Arbitrary file read via allowed pdfTeX primitive

Published Nov 7, 2024 · Updated Feb 10, 2025

Improper input validation in Moodle LMS affected releases allows remote attackers to read server files through crafted TeX notation. The filter_tex_sanitize_formula denylist fails to block pdfTeX's pdffiledump primitive before passing notation to the renderer. The vulnerable branches are before 4.1.12, 4.2.0 through 4.2.8, 4.3.0 through 4.3.5, and 4.4.0 through 4.4.1; exploitation requires the TeX filter and pdfTeX, and file access is limited to the web-server process's permissions.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.71%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Improper input validation in Moodle LMS affected releases allows remote attackers to read server files through crafted TeX notation. The filter_tex_sanitize_formula denylist fails to block pdfTeX's pdffiledump primitive before passing notation to the renderer. The vulnerable branches are before 4.1.12, 4.2.0 through 4.2.8, 4.3.0 through 4.3.5, and 4.4.0 through 4.4.1; exploitation requires the TeX filter and pdfTeX, and file access is limited to the web-server process's permissions.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-43426
Published
Nov 7, 2024
Updated
Feb 10, 2025
Vendor
Moodle
Product
Moodle LMS
Classifications
CWE-1287, T1005
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 7, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <4.1.12
  2. Affected versionversion=4.2 <4.2.9
  3. Affected versionversion=4.3 <4.3.6
  4. Affected versionversion=4.4 <4.4.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Moodle · Moodle LMSversion=0 <4.1.12; version=4.2 <4.2.9; version=4.3 <4.3.6; version=4.4 <4.4.2

Published CVSS scores

7.5NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
6.6GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1287Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input
T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo