CVE-2024-41952Network attack vector

Username enumeration via leaked not-found errors

Published Jul 31, 2024 · Updated Jul 31, 2024

Observable discrepancy in ZITADEL login handling allows remote attackers to enumerate existing usernames through distinct error responses. The VerifyPassword path uses error-content checks that fail to recognize some wrapped user-not-found errors, returning “object not found” instead of the configured generic credential error. Exposure requires an administrator to enable Ignore Unknown Usernames; the disclosed information is limited to whether an account exists.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.63%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Observable discrepancy in ZITADEL login handling allows remote attackers to enumerate existing usernames through distinct error responses. The VerifyPassword path uses error-content checks that fail to recognize some wrapped user-not-found errors, returning “object not found” instead of the configured generic credential error. Exposure requires an administrator to enable Ignore Unknown Usernames; the disclosed information is limited to whether an account exists.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-41952
Published
Jul 31, 2024
Updated
Jul 31, 2024
Vendor
ZITADEL
Product
ZITADEL
Classifications
CWE-203, T1087.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 31, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 31, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 2.53.0, < 2.53.9
  2. Affected versionversion=2.53.0 <2.53.9
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 2.54.0, < 2.54.8
  4. Affected versionversion=2.54.0 <2.54.8
  5. Affected versionversion=>= 2.55.0, < 2.55.5
  6. Affected versionversion=2.55.0 <2.55.5
  7. Affected versionversion=>= 2.56.0, < 2.56.2
  8. Affected versionversion=2.56.0 <2.56.2
  9. Affected versionversion=>= 2.57.0, < 2.57.1
  10. Affected versionversion=2.57.0 <2.57.1
  11. Affected versionversion=>= 2.58.0, < 2.58.1
  12. Affected versionversion=2.58.0 <2.58.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ZITADEL · ZITADELversion=>= 2.53.0, < 2.53.9; version=2.53.0 <2.53.9; version=>= 2.54.0, < 2.54.8; version=2.54.0 <2.54.8; version=>= 2.55.0, < 2.55.5; version=2.55.0 <2.55.5; version=>= 2.56.0, < 2.56.2; version=2.56.0 <2.56.2; version=>= 2.57.0, < 2.57.1; version=2.57.0 <2.57.1; version=>= 2.58.0, < 2.58.1; version=2.58.0 <2.58.1

Published CVSS scores

5.3NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
5.3GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-203Observable Discrepancy
T1087.004Cloud Account

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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