CVE-2024-41928

Guest escape via unchecked TPM MMIO bounds

Published Sep 5, 2024 · Updated Sep 20, 2024

Heap buffer overflow in FreeBSD 14.0 before 14.0_p10 and 14.1 before 14.1_p4 allows guest OS users to execute code in the host bhyve process. The tpm_ppi_mem_handler MMIO handler fails to validate a guest-supplied access offset and size, permitting out-of-bounds reads and writes in its allocated heap region. The guest must use TPM passthrough; resulting host code execution typically has root identity but remains confined by bhyve's Capsicum sandbox capabilities.

CVSS severity8.4
High
EPSS probability0.24%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap buffer overflow in FreeBSD 14.0 before 14.0_p10 and 14.1 before 14.1_p4 allows guest OS users to execute code in the host bhyve process. The tpm_ppi_mem_handler MMIO handler fails to validate a guest-supplied access offset and size, permitting out-of-bounds reads and writes in its allocated heap region. The guest must use TPM passthrough; resulting host code execution typically has root identity but remains confined by bhyve's Capsicum sandbox capabilities.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-41928
Published
Sep 5, 2024
Updated
Sep 20, 2024
Vendor
The FreeBSD Project
Product
FreeBSD
Classifications
CWE-787, CWE-125, CWE-1285, T1611
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 5, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 20, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=14.0 <14.0_p10
  2. Affected versionversion=14.0-RELEASE <p10
  3. Affected versionversion=14.1 <14.1_p4
  4. Affected versionversion=14.1-RELEASE <p4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The FreeBSD Project · FreeBSDversion=14.0 <14.0_p10; version=14.0-RELEASE <p10; version=14.1 <14.1_p4; version=14.1-RELEASE <p4

Published CVSS scores

8.4CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read
CWE-1285Improper Validation of Specified Index, Position, or Offset in Input
T1611Escape to Host

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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