CVE-2024-38193Known exploitationPublic exploit

SYSTEM privilege escalation via RIO buffer race

Published Aug 13, 2024 · Updated Oct 21, 2025

Use-after-free in Microsoft Windows AFD.sys allows local users to gain SYSTEM privileges through concurrent Registered I/O requests. A race between AfdRioGetAndCacheBuffer and AfdRioDereferenceBuffer leaves a freed RIOBuffer cached after its reference count is mishandled. A low-privileged local process must win the race; controlled reallocation then enables kernel writes that can modify its token privileges.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability28.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Microsoft Windows AFD.sys allows local users to gain SYSTEM privileges through concurrent Registered I/O requests. A race between AfdRioGetAndCacheBuffer and AfdRioDereferenceBuffer leaves a freed RIOBuffer cached after its reference count is mishandled. A low-privileged local process must win the race; controlled reallocation then enables kernel writes that can modify its token privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-38193
Published
Aug 13, 2024
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows 10 Version 1507
Classifications
CWE-416, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 13, 2024Exploitation reportedCISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog listing
  2. Aug 13, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  3. Oct 21, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0.10240.0 <10.0.10240.20751

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1507version=10.0.10240.0 <10.0.10240.20751
Microsoft · Windows Server 2019version=10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.6189
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.7259
Microsoft · Windows 11, version 24H2version=10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.1457
Microsoft · Windows 11 version 21H2version=10.0.0 <10.0.22000.3147
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)version=6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.25031
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012version=6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.25031
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 21H2version=10.0.19043.0 <10.0.19044.4780
Microsoft · Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)version=10.0.25398.0 <10.0.25398.1085
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016version=10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.7259
Microsoft · Windows 11 Version 22H3version=10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.4037
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1version=6.1.7601.0 <6.1.7601.27277
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)version=6.1.7601.0 <6.1.7601.27277
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 22H2version=10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.4780
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)version=6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.22134
Microsoft · Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.6189
Microsoft · Windows 11 Version 23H2version=10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.4037
Microsoft · Windows 11, version 22H2version=10.0.22621.0 <10.0.22621.4037
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1607version=10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.7259
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2version=6.0.6003.0 <6.0.6003.22825
Microsoft · Windows Server 2022version=10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.2655
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1809version=10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.6189
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2version=6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.22134
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)version=6.0.6003.0 <6.0.6003.22825

Published CVSS scores

7.8Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo