CVE-2024-36331

Guest memory overwrite via cache coherency mismanagement

Published Sep 6, 2025 · Updated Nov 3, 2025

Improper cache coherency management in AMD EPYC 9004 processors allows local privileged users to overwrite SEV-SNP guest memory. The CPU mishandles cache coherency, allowing hypervisor-controlled writes to alter memory assigned to an SEV-SNP guest. Hypervisor privilege and an SEV-SNP guest are required, and the demonstrated consequence is loss of guest-memory integrity.

CVSS severity3.2
Low
EPSS probability0.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper cache coherency management in AMD EPYC 9004 processors allows local privileged users to overwrite SEV-SNP guest memory. The CPU mishandles cache coherency, allowing hypervisor-controlled writes to alter memory assigned to an SEV-SNP guest. Hypervisor privilege and an SEV-SNP guest are required, and the demonstrated consequence is loss of guest-memory integrity.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-36331
Published
Sep 6, 2025
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Vendor
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Product
AMD EPYC Embedded 9004 Series Processors
Classifications
CWE-665, T1565
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 6, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected versions are unavailable in this record. Check the vendor advisory for version and patch details.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. · AMD EPYC Embedded 9004 Series ProcessorsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. · AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series ProcessorsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

4.6AMDCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.2AMDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-665Improper Initialization
T1565Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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