CVE-2024-33531Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authentication bypass via A256GCM header confusion

Published Apr 24, 2024 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Authentication bypass in cdbattags lua-resty-jwt 0.2.3 allows attackers to pass unsigned JWTs as verified tokens. verify_jwt_obj treats any parsed JWT carrying enc=A256GCM as a JWE, while verify_jwe_obj assumes that A256GCM authentication already occurred during JWE parsing and skips its signature check. An application must authorize requests from attacker-controlled JWTs; forged claims then receive whatever access the application assigns to those claims.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in cdbattags lua-resty-jwt 0.2.3 allows attackers to pass unsigned JWTs as verified tokens. verify_jwt_obj treats any parsed JWT carrying enc=A256GCM as a JWE, while verify_jwe_obj assumes that A256GCM authentication already occurred during JWE parsing and skips its signature check. An application must authorize requests from attacker-controlled JWTs; forged claims then receive whatever access the application assigns to those claims.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-33531
Published
Apr 24, 2024
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
cdbattags
Product
lua-resty-jwt
Classifications
CWE-290, T1606
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 24, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0.2.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

cdbattags · lua-resty-jwtversion=0.2.3

Published CVSS scores

8.1CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-290Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
T1606Forge Web Credentials

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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