CVE-2024-32649Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Contract behavior alteration via repeated sqrt evaluation

Published Apr 25, 2024 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Compiler code-generation error in Vyper 0.3.10 and earlier allows attackers to alter contract behavior through a side-effecting sqrt argument. The sqrt builtin's build_IR function reuses its argument expression instead of caching the value on the stack, so side effects execute multiple times. Reachability requires compiling a contract whose sqrt argument has side effects; generated bytecode can then implement unintended state changes, although the upstream search found no affected production contracts.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Compiler code-generation error in Vyper 0.3.10 and earlier allows attackers to alter contract behavior through a side-effecting sqrt argument. The sqrt builtin's build_IR function reuses its argument expression instead of caching the value on the stack, so side effects execute multiple times. Reachability requires compiling a contract whose sqrt argument has side effects; generated bytecode can then implement unintended state changes, although the upstream search found no affected production contracts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-32649
Published
Apr 25, 2024
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
Vyper
Product
Vyper
Classifications
CWE-95
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 25, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=*
  2. Affected versionversion=<= 0.3.10

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Vyper · Vyperversion=*; version=<= 0.3.10

Published CVSS scores

5.3GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-95Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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