CVE-2024-28945Network attack vector

Code execution via server-data integer underflow

Published Apr 9, 2024 · Updated May 3, 2025

Integer underflow in Microsoft OLE DB Driver 18 and 19 and SQL Server 2019 and 2022 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. The driver mishandles malicious data returned during a server connection, but Microsoft has not identified the affected parser or arithmetic operation. Exploitation requires a user or application to connect an affected client to an attacker-controlled server, and code runs in the client process context.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability2.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Integer underflow in Microsoft OLE DB Driver 18 and 19 and SQL Server 2019 and 2022 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. The driver mishandles malicious data returned during a server connection, but Microsoft has not identified the affected parser or arithmetic operation. Exploitation requires a user or application to connect an affected client to an attacker-controlled server, and code runs in the client process context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-28945
Published
Apr 9, 2024
Updated
May 3, 2025
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Microsoft SQL Server 2022
Classifications
CWE-191, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 9, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=16.0.0 <16.0.1115.1
  2. Affected versionversion=16.0.0 <16.0.4120.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Microsoft SQL Server 2022version=16.0.0 <16.0.1115.1; version=16.0.0 <16.0.4120.1
Microsoft · Microsoft SQL Server 2019version=15.0.0 <15.0.2110.4; version=15.0.0 <15.0.4360.2
Microsoft · Microsoft OLE DB Driver 19 for SQL Serverversion=19.0.0 <19.3.0003.0
Microsoft · Microsoft OLE DB Driver 18 for SQL Serverversion=18.0.0 <18.7.0002.0

Published CVSS scores

8.8Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-191Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo