CVE-2024-28233Network attack vector

Session compromise via subdomain cookie tossing

Published Mar 27, 2024 · Updated Aug 15, 2024

Cross-site scripting in JupyterHub before 4.1.0 allows remote attackers to access a victim's Hub API and single-user server. The Hub accepts security-critical cookies that a malicious subdomain or peer subdomain can set for the parent domain, allowing attacker-controlled content to act in the victim's session. Exploitation requires the victim to visit the malicious subdomain and affects single-origin deployments or deployments with user-controlled applications on related subdomains.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.33%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cross-site scripting in JupyterHub before 4.1.0 allows remote attackers to access a victim's Hub API and single-user server. The Hub accepts security-critical cookies that a malicious subdomain or peer subdomain can set for the parent domain, allowing attacker-controlled content to act in the victim's session. Exploitation requires the victim to visit the malicious subdomain and affects single-origin deployments or deployments with user-controlled applications on related subdomains.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-28233
Published
Mar 27, 2024
Updated
Aug 15, 2024
Vendor
Project Jupyter
Product
JupyterHub
Classifications
CWE-79, CWE-352, CWE-565, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 27, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 15, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <4.1.0
  2. Affected versionversion=< 4.1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Project Jupyter · JupyterHubversion=0 <4.1.0; version=< 4.1.0

Published CVSS scores

8.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
CWE-352Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
CWE-565Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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