CVE-2024-28185Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated sandbox escape via run_script symlink

Published Apr 18, 2024 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Sandbox escape in Judge0 1.13.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute code outside the submission sandbox via a crafted archive. The submission job opens the sandbox path run_script for writing without rejecting a preexisting symbolic link, so File.open follows the link and overwrites its unsandboxed target. No authentication or user interaction is required; code first runs in the privileged worker container and can reach the Linux host filesystem.

CVSS severity10.0
Critical
EPSS probability7.06%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Sandbox escape in Judge0 1.13.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute code outside the submission sandbox via a crafted archive. The submission job opens the sandbox path run_script for writing without rejecting a preexisting symbolic link, so File.open follows the link and overwrites its unsandboxed target. No authentication or user interaction is required; code first runs in the privileged worker container and can reach the Linux host filesystem.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-28185
Published
Apr 18, 2024
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
Judge0
Product
Judge0
Classifications
CWE-59, CWE-61, T1190, T1611
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 18, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.13.0
  2. Affected versionversion=<= 1.13.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Judge0 · Judge0version=0 <=1.13.0; version=<= 1.13.0

Published CVSS scores

10.0GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-59Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following')
CWE-61UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1611Escape to Host

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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