CVE-2024-28121Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated arbitrary method calls via reflex dispatch

Published Mar 12, 2024 · Updated Feb 13, 2025

Unsafe reflection in StimulusReflex before 3.4.2 and 3.5.0.rc1 through 3.5.0.rc3 allows remote authenticated users to call unintended methods. The WebSocket target field supplies both a Reflex subclass and method name, and dispatch accepts inherited public methods not declared as reflex actions. A valid application session can therefore overwrite trusted instance state; prerelease builds also expose render_collection for arbitrary code execution.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.55%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unsafe reflection in StimulusReflex before 3.4.2 and 3.5.0.rc1 through 3.5.0.rc3 allows remote authenticated users to call unintended methods. The WebSocket target field supplies both a Reflex subclass and method name, and dispatch accepts inherited public methods not declared as reflex actions. A valid application session can therefore overwrite trusted instance state; prerelease builds also expose render_collection for arbitrary code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-28121
Published
Mar 12, 2024
Updated
Feb 13, 2025
Vendor
StimulusReflex
Product
StimulusReflex
Classifications
CWE-470, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 12, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.4.2
  2. Affected versionversion=< 3.4.2
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 3.5.0.rc1, < 3.5.0.rc4
  4. Affected versionversion=3.5.0.rc1 <3.5.0.rc4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

StimulusReflex · StimulusReflexversion=0 <3.4.2; version=< 3.4.2; version=>= 3.5.0.rc1, < 3.5.0.rc4; version=3.5.0.rc1 <3.5.0.rc4

Published CVSS scores

8.8GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-470Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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