CVE-2024-28109Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Code execution via unsecured XSLT transformation

Published Mar 28, 2024 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

XSLT injection in veraPDF Validation Library before 1.24.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via custom policy files. PolicyChecker creates a TransformerFactory without secure processing, allowing attacker-supplied XSLT to invoke Java extension functions such as Runtime.exec. Exposure requires a host application to accept an untrusted custom Schematron policy; standard validation and ordinary policy checks are unaffected.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability1.03%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

XSLT injection in veraPDF Validation Library before 1.24.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via custom policy files. PolicyChecker creates a TransformerFactory without secure processing, allowing attacker-supplied XSLT to invoke Java extension functions such as Runtime.exec. Exposure requires a host application to accept an untrusted custom Schematron policy; standard validation and ordinary policy checks are unaffected.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-28109
Published
Mar 28, 2024
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
veraPDF
Product
veraPDF Validation Library
Classifications
CWE-91, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 28, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <1.24.2
  2. Affected versionversion=< 1.24.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

veraPDF · veraPDF Validation Libraryversion=0 <1.24.2; version=< 1.24.2

Published CVSS scores

8.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-91XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
T1204.002User Execution: Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo