CVE-2024-26598

Host crash via unretained VGIC interrupt reference

Published Feb 23, 2024 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Use-after-free in KVM arm64's VGIC ITS on affected Linux kernel branches allows guest OS users to interrupt the host through a cache race. vgic_its_check_cache() drops the refcount-serialization lock without retaining the returned vgic_irq, so concurrent invalidation can free it before interrupt queueing finishes. Exploitation requires an arm64 KVM guest with VGIC ITS access and precise overlap between an LPI cache hit and an invalidating command; the bounded consequence is host instability or a crash.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.24%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in KVM arm64's VGIC ITS on affected Linux kernel branches allows guest OS users to interrupt the host through a cache race. vgic_its_check_cache() drops the refcount-serialization lock without retaining the returned vgic_irq, so concurrent invalidation can free it before interrupt queueing finishes. Exploitation requires an arm64 KVM guest with VGIC ITS access and precise overlap between an LPI cache hit and an invalidating command; the bounded consequence is host instability or a crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-26598
Published
Feb 23, 2024
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-416, T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 23, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.11
  2. Affected versionversion=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <12c2759ab1343c124ed46ba48f27bd1ef5d2dff4
  3. Affected versionversion=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <65b201bf3e9af1b0254243a5881390eda56f72d1
  4. Affected versionversion=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <ad362fe07fecf0aba839ff2cc59a3617bd42c33f
  5. Affected versionversion=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <ba7be666740847d967822bed15500656b26bc703
  6. Affected versionversion=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <d04acadb6490aa3314f9c9e087691e55de153b88
  7. Affected versionversion=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <dba788e25f05209adf2b0175eb1691dc89fb1ba6
  8. Affected versionversion=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <dd3956a1b3dd11f46488c928cb890d6937d1ca80

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=3.11; version=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <12c2759ab1343c124ed46ba48f27bd1ef5d2dff4; version=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <65b201bf3e9af1b0254243a5881390eda56f72d1; version=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <ad362fe07fecf0aba839ff2cc59a3617bd42c33f; version=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <ba7be666740847d967822bed15500656b26bc703; version=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <d04acadb6490aa3314f9c9e087691e55de153b88; version=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <dba788e25f05209adf2b0175eb1691dc89fb1ba6; version=6211753fdfd05af9e08f54c8d0ba3ee516034878 <dd3956a1b3dd11f46488c928cb890d6937d1ca80
The Linux Kernel Organization · Linux Kernelversion=1da177e4c3f4 <12c2759ab134; version=1da177e4c3f4 <65b201bf3e9a; version=1da177e4c3f4 <ad362fe07fec; version=1da177e4c3f4 <ba7be6667408; version=1da177e4c3f4 <d04acadb6490; version=1da177e4c3f4 <dba788e25f05; version=1da177e4c3f4 <dd3956a1b3dd

Published CVSS scores

7.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5Amazon LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.8Red HatCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8CVE ProgramCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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