CVE-2024-25595Network attack vector

Unauthenticated IP restriction bypass via spoofed headers

Published May 17, 2024 · Updated Apr 28, 2026

Authentication bypass in WPMU DEV Defender Security 4.4.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass IP restrictions. The IP-detection path trusts user-supplied forwarding headers as the primary client address, allowing a crafted header to replace the requester's real IP. No account or user interaction is required, but impact depends on an enabled IP restriction and is limited to access that rule would otherwise deny.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.41%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in WPMU DEV Defender Security 4.4.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass IP restrictions. The IP-detection path trusts user-supplied forwarding headers as the primary client address, allowing a crafted header to replace the requester's real IP. No account or user interaction is required, but impact depends on an enabled IP restriction and is limited to access that rule would otherwise deny.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-25595
Published
May 17, 2024
Updated
Apr 28, 2026
Vendor
WPMU DEV
Product
Defender Security
Classifications
CWE-290, CAPEC-554, T1036
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 17, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=4.4.1
  2. Affected versionversion=n/a <=4.4.1 changes=[{"at":"4.4.2","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

WPMU DEV · Defender Securityversion=0 <=4.4.1; version=n/a <=4.4.1 changes=[{"at":"4.4.2","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

5.3PatchstackCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-290Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
CAPEC-554Functionality Bypass
T1036Masquerading

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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