CVE-2024-23960Known exploitationPublic exploit

Firmware signature bypass via USB force-update file

Published Sep 28, 2024 · Updated Oct 3, 2024

Improper signature verification in Alpine Halo9 iLX-F509 firmware allows physically proximate attackers to bypass update validation via USB. The UPDM_wbIsForceUpdFileExist function treats ForceUpdate.bin in a USB drive's root directory as a bypass switch and skips the RSA SHA-256 package-information signature check. Physical access is required, and arbitrary root-code execution additionally requires chaining this bypass with another vulnerability.

CVSS severity4.6
Medium
EPSS probability0.26%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper signature verification in Alpine Halo9 iLX-F509 firmware allows physically proximate attackers to bypass update validation via USB. The UPDM_wbIsForceUpdFileExist function treats ForceUpdate.bin in a USB drive's root directory as a bypass switch and skips the RSA SHA-256 package-information signature check. Physical access is required, and arbitrary root-code execution additionally requires chaining this bypass with another vulnerability.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-23960
Published
Sep 28, 2024
Updated
Oct 3, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-347, T1200
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 28, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

4.6Zero Day InitiativeCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
T1200Hardware Additions

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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