Arbitrary code execution via nested data imports
Published Jul 9, 2024 · Updated Apr 30, 2025
Code injection in Node.js allows local users to execute arbitrary code through a data URL nested in a network-loaded module. The ESM defaultResolve path accepted a data URL from a non-file parent, letting remote module code import local built-ins such as node:child_process. Exploitation requires the experimental network-imports feature and user interaction with attacker-controlled module content; resulting code runs with the Node.js process privileges.
Summary
What happened
Code injection in Node.js allows local users to execute arbitrary code through a data URL nested in a network-loaded module. The ESM defaultResolve path accepted a data URL from a non-file parent, letting remote module code import local built-ins such as node:child_process. Exploitation requires the experimental network-imports feature and user interaction with attacker-controlled module content; resulting code runs with the Node.js process privileges.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2024-22020
- Published
- Jul 9, 2024
- Updated
- Apr 30, 2025
- Vendor
- Node.js
- Product
- Node.js
- Classifications
- CWE-94, T1059.007
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jul 9, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Apr 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=10.0 <10.*
- Affected versionversion=11.0 <11.*
- Affected versionversion=12.0 <12.*
- Affected versionversion=13.0 <13.*
- Affected versionversion=14.0 <14.*
- Affected versionversion=15.0 <15.*
- Affected versionversion=16.0 <16.*
- Affected versionversion=17.0 <17.*
- Affected versionversion=18.0 <18.20.4
- Affected versionversion=19.0 <19.*
- Affected versionversion=20.0 <20.15.1
- Affected versionversion=21.0 <21.*
- Affected versionversion=22.0 <22.4.1
- Affected versionversion=4.0 <4.*
- Affected versionversion=5.0 <5.*
- Affected versionversion=6.0 <6.*
- Affected versionversion=7.0 <7.*
- Affected versionversion=8.0 <8.*
- Affected versionversion=9.0 <9.*
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Node.js data URL network-import regression testsproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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