CVE-2024-21881Network attack vector

Root command execution via forgeable encrypted packages

Published Aug 10, 2024 · Updated Mar 11, 2025

Inadequate encryption in Enphase Envoy 4.x and 5.x allows remote authenticated users to execute root OS commands via package upload. upload_profile_package.rb decrypts an uploaded .eepkg and passes its migration_script to system() because the package key and eecrypt tooling are inadequately protected. Installer-level authentication and network access to the upload handler are required, after which the script gains full control of the gateway as root.

CVSS severity8.6
High
EPSS probability0.29%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Inadequate encryption in Enphase Envoy 4.x and 5.x allows remote authenticated users to execute root OS commands via package upload. upload_profile_package.rb decrypts an uploaded .eepkg and passes its migration_script to system() because the package key and eecrypt tooling are inadequately protected. Installer-level authentication and network access to the upload handler are required, after which the script gains full control of the gateway as root.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-21881
Published
Aug 10, 2024
Updated
Mar 11, 2025
Vendor
Enphase Energy
Product
Envoy Communications Gateway
Classifications
CWE-326, CAPEC-88, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 10, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 11, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=4.x
  2. Affected versionversion=5.x

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Enphase Energy · Envoy Communications Gatewayversion=4.x; version=5.x

Published CVSS scores

8.6Dutch Institute for Vulnerability DisclosureCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/S:P/AU:Y/R:I/V:C/RE:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-326Inadequate Encryption Strength
CAPEC-88OS Command Injection
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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