Sandbox memory disclosure via pixel-format mismatch
Published Jan 13, 2024 · Updated Jun 17, 2025
Out-of-bounds read in CEF before commit 1f55d2e allows attackers to read memory outside the GPU sandbox via a malicious frame. OnFrameCaptured sizes shared memory using the supplied pixel format, but OnPaint treats the buffer as ARGB; UNKNOWN returns zero and lets an undersized buffer pass. Exploitation requires a compromised GPU process and off-screen rendering, exposing adjacent memory and potentially crashing the host application.
Summary
What happened
Out-of-bounds read in CEF before commit 1f55d2e allows attackers to read memory outside the GPU sandbox via a malicious frame. OnFrameCaptured sizes shared memory using the supplied pixel format, but OnPaint treats the buffer as ARGB; UNKNOWN returns zero and lets an undersized buffer pass. Exploitation requires a compromised GPU process and off-screen rendering, exposing adjacent memory and potentially crashing the host application.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2024-21640
- Published
- Jan 13, 2024
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2025
- Vendor
- Chromium Embedded Framework
- Product
- Chromium Embedded Framework (CEF)
- Classifications
- CWE-125, T1068
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jan 13, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jun 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< commit 1f55d2e
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Public exploit references
- GHSA malicious GPU-frame proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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