CVE-2024-21638Network attack vector

Unauthenticated privilege escalation via unverified JWT claims

Published Jan 10, 2024 · Updated Jun 3, 2025

Improper authentication in Azure IPAM before 3.0.0 allows remote attackers to impersonate privileged users through a forged JWT. The Engine's validate_token dependency decoded each bearer token with signature verification disabled, then trusted its oid and tid claims for authorization. No prior account or user interaction is required; forged privileged claims grant access to IPAM data and Azure data visible to its Reader service principal.

CVSS severity9.1
Critical
EPSS probability1.66%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Improper authentication in Azure IPAM before 3.0.0 allows remote attackers to impersonate privileged users through a forged JWT. The Engine's validate_token dependency decoded each bearer token with signature verification disabled, then trusted its oid and tid claims for authorization. No prior account or user interaction is required; forged privileged claims grant access to IPAM data and Azure data visible to its Reader service principal.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-21638
Published
Jan 10, 2024
Updated
Jun 3, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-287, CWE-269, T1134
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 10, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
8.2Azure IPAM GitHub Security AdvisoryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-287Improper Authentication
CWE-269Improper Privilege Management
T1134Access Token Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo