CVE-2024-21447Public exploit

SYSTEM privilege escalation via UserManager link following

Published Apr 9, 2024 · Updated May 3, 2025

Improper link resolution in Microsoft Windows Authentication allows local users to gain SYSTEM privileges through UserManager file reads. The UserManager service reads files from a user-controlled directory as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM and follows attacker-controlled links, exposing SAM, SYSTEM, and SECURITY registry hives from shadow copies. Low-privileged local access is required, and successful exploitation exposes credential and security data with SYSTEM-level authority.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability1.37%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper link resolution in Microsoft Windows Authentication allows local users to gain SYSTEM privileges through UserManager file reads. The UserManager service reads files from a user-controlled directory as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM and follows attacker-controlled links, exposing SAM, SYSTEM, and SECURITY registry hives from shadow copies. Low-privileged local access is required, and successful exploitation exposes credential and security data with SYSTEM-level authority.

The record

CVE
CVE-2024-21447
Published
Apr 9, 2024
Updated
May 3, 2025
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows 11 version 21H2
Classifications
CWE-59, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 9, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0.0 <10.0.22000.2899

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Windows 11 version 21H2version=10.0.0 <10.0.22000.2899
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 21H2version=10.0.19043.0 <10.0.19044.4291
Microsoft · Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)version=10.0.25398.0 <10.0.25398.830
Microsoft · Windows 11 Version 22H3version=10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.3447
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 22H2version=10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.4291
Microsoft · Windows 11 Version 23H2version=10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.3447
Microsoft · Windows 11, version 22H2version=10.0.22621.0 <10.0.22621.3447
Microsoft · Windows Server 2022version=10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.2402

Published CVSS scores

7.8MicrosoftCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-59Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following')
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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