Local privilege escalation via firmware buffer overflow

Buffer overflow in affected Arm Mali GPU firmware through r46p0 allows local users to escalate privileges via crafted GPU instructions. Firmware copies register contents into a destination buffer after size checks that fail under specific instruction conditions, permitting an out-of-bounds write into adjacent structures. Exploitation requires local non-privileged execution and detailed control of GPU instructions; successful manipulation yields GPU-firmware code execution and then kernel privilege escalation.