CVE-2023-7220Network attack vector

Unauthenticated memory corruption via unchecked password

Published Jan 9, 2024 · Updated Jun 17, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in TOTOLINK NR1800X Firmware 9.1.0u.6279_B20210910 allows remote attackers to corrupt memory via HTTP. The loginAuth function in /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi processes an attacker-controlled password without enforcing the destination stack buffer's bounds. No authentication or user interaction is required; the published assessments establish full system impact, while the referenced exploit artifact does not establish reliable code execution.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.50%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in TOTOLINK NR1800X Firmware 9.1.0u.6279_B20210910 allows remote attackers to corrupt memory via HTTP. The loginAuth function in /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi processes an attacker-controlled password without enforcing the destination stack buffer's bounds. No authentication or user interaction is required; the published assessments establish full system impact, while the referenced exploit artifact does not establish reliable code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-7220
Published
Jan 9, 2024
Updated
Jun 17, 2025
Vendor
TOTOLINK
Product
NR1800X Firmware
Classifications
CWE-121, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 9, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=9.1.0u.6279_B20210910

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

TOTOLINK · NR1800X Firmwareversion=9.1.0u.6279_B20210910

Published CVSS scores

9.8VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
10.0VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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